时事新闻: The Difference Between Giving Credit and Taking Credit: Plagiarism

(1)

I'm Steve Ember with IN THE NEWS in VOA Special English. This is the opening weekend for the movie version of “The Da Vinci Code.” The mystery about art, religion and murder is based on the book by Dan Brown. The latest reports say his three-year-old book has already sold sixty million copies worldwide. It also led to a trial earlier this year in Britain. Two writers accused Dan Brown of plagiarism -- stealing someone else's words or ideas. They said he copied the main idea of their book "The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail." A High Court judge in London did not agree. He said the idea was too general to be considered protected under British copyright laws.

(2)

Recently a number of stories involving accusations of plagiarism have been in the news. Kaavya Viswanathan, a nineteen-year-old student at Harvard University, lost a major book deal. It appeared she copied from five other writers in parts of her book, “How Opal Mehta Got Kissed, Got Wild and Got a Life." Her publisher, Little, Brown & Company, finally withdrew the young-adult novel from sale. Earlier, she told the New York Times that some of the plagiarism may have happened because she remembers what she reads. "I really thought the words were my own," she said.

(3)

Another situation involved the chief of Raytheon, a leading defense company. William Swanson wrote a small, unpublished work called “Swanson’s Unwritten Laws of Management." The company offered it free to anyone interested. But some of it came from material that did not receive credit, including a nineteen forty-four book, "The Unwritten Laws of Engineering." Mister Swanson apologized. He said he meant the advice as an expression of old rules, but in terms of his own experience over the years. Raytheon directors took action to punish him with about one million dollars in lost pay. Mister Swanson earned seven million dollars last year. Plagiarism has always been an issue in schools. Teachers say the Internet has made it much easier to find and copy material. But teachers have their ways to use the Internet to catch plagiarism.

(4)

Turnitin, for example, is a Web site that offers a service to identify papers that contain copied material. It says a common mistake is to believe that electronic material is not private property in the same way books are. Punishments for plagiarism differ in schools. A high school student might fail the project. A college student might fail the class and be suspended for a year. In some colleges and universities, a student or professor caught plagiarizing might be told to leave and never return. Using information from experts is usually OK, as long as where the material came from is identified. Any material copied word-for-word is supposed to appear inside quotation marks. Where people get in trouble is when they try to claim other people's words as their own. IN THE NEWS in VOA Special English was written by Nancy Steinbach. I’m Steve Ember.

注解：

The Difference Between Giving Credit and Taking Credit: Plagiarism(1)

1 mystery: n.神秘, 神秘的事物

2 religion: n.宗教, 信仰

The Difference Between Giving Credit and Taking Credit: Plagiarism(2)

1 accusation: n.谴责, [律]指控

2 plagiarism: n.剽窃, 剽窃物

The Difference Between Giving Credit and Taking Credit: Plagiarism(3)

1 Unwritten: adj.未成文的, 口头的, 没有记录的, 不成文的

The Difference Between Giving Credit and Taking Credit: Plagiarism(4)

1 Turnitin: n.监狱的看守, 狱吏

2 Punishment: n.惩罚, 处罚, 惩处